Etnomatematika: Eksplorasi Candi Borobudur

Rahmi Nur Fitria Utami, Dedi Muhtadi, Nani Ratnaningsih, Sukirwan Sukirwan, Hasan Hamid

Abstract


Matematika merupakan ilmu tentang pola, struktur dan bentuk yang terintegrasi dalam budaya  masyarakat. Konsep-konsep matematika yang diaplikasikan, merujuk pada aktivitas, kebiasaan, ataupun adat kehidupan masyarakat dalam menyelesaikan masalah disebut etnomatematika. Salah satu aplikasi etnomatematika ini terdapat pada Candi Borobudur. Candi Borobudur adalah megastruktur konseptual matematika yang dibangun sejak berabad-abad tahun yang lalu, dimana pada masa itu belum berkembang teknologi modern. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas tentang ajaran, filosofi, dan konsep matematika yang terdapat dalam Candi Borobudur, serta hubungan dari ketiganya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksploratif dengan pendekatan historis dan kultural. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Candi borobudur sebagai produk etnomatematika menyajikan berbagai konsep agama, moral, budaya, dan matematika, (2) Secara keseluruhan, konsep-konsep tersebut memiliki hubungan dan keterkaitan diantara satu sama lain, (3) Konsep-konsep yang disepakati dan diterapkan dalam realita kehidupan, telah membawa matematika sebagai produk budaya yang tertanam sejak zaman dahulu meskipun mereka tidak menyadarinya, dan (4) Candi borobudur merupakan contoh monumen dari orkesta matematika dalam bentuk etnomatematika.


Math is the science about the patterns, structures, and shape, integrated into the culture of the life of the community. Mathematical concepts which applicated in the cultural community, refer to activities or customs, habits, life incomplete the problem is called ethnomathematics. One of these ethnomathematics application is present on the Borobudur Temple. Borobudur Temple is a conceptual mathematical megastructure that was built centuries years ago, which at the time was not yet developing modern technology. The purpose of this study is to discuss the form of teaching, philosophy and mathematical patterns of the structure of the building of the temple, as well as the relationship of the third focus of the study. This research method using exploratory with historical and cultural approaches. The conclusions of this research are as follows: (1) Borobudur temple as ethnomatematics product presents various religious, moral, cultural, and mathematical concepts, (2) Overall, these concepts have a relationship and interrelationships with each other, (3) Concepts which are agreed upon and applied in the reality of life, have brought mathematics as a cultural product that has been embedded since ancient times even though they were not aware of it, and (4) Borobudur temple is an example of a monument of a mathematical orchestra in the form of ethnomatatics.



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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37058/jp3m.v6i1.1438

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