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Pola matematis dan sejarah batik Sukapura: Sebuah kajian semiotika
Abstract
Batik Sukapura merupakan salah satu identitas bangsa Indonesia yang melambangkan budaya masyarakat Sunda. Batik Sukapura digunakan masyarakat Sunda sebagai pakaian yang formal dan bernilai sakral. Sejumlah penelitian tentang batik telah banyak berkembang, namun lebih kepada pengembangan teknologi membatik. Tujuan penelitian ini membahas tentang teori semiotika yang diterapkan pada Batik Sukapura untuk mencari makna filosofis dari motif-motifnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Peneliti mengobservasi beberapa pengusaha batik senior yang masih bertahan dengan industrinya di daerah Sukaraja Tasikmalaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa batik Sukapura memiliki banyak konsep geometri dan sejumlah keteraturan. Sejarah batik Sukapura dimulai dari para pengrajin batik dari Jawa Tengah yang pindah ke Jawa Barat akibat terjadinya peperangan. Saat ini batik tulis semakin terdistorsi akibat perkembangan jaman yang berpindah ke batik cetak bahkan batik digital-printing. Ciri khas batik Sukapura adalah bermotif alam. Dari sudut pandang semiotika, tanda-tanda dari motif ini bukan sekedar pola dan keteraturan matematis namun memiliki makna dan pesan moral yang sangat sesuai dengan falsafah hidup masyarakat Sunda. Penggabungan kajian semiotika dan matematika ini dianggap mampu memberikan penguatan kepada para siswa dalam memaknai nilai-nilai etnomatematika sebagai upaya mengembalikan status matematika yang saat ini dipandang terpisah dari budaya (culturally-free).
Kata kunci: sejarah batik sukapura, semiotika
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37058/jp3m.v5i1.658
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