Bagaimana Peran Konsumsi Bidang Energi dan Sumber Daya Alam Dapat Mempengaruhi Produk Domestik Bruto? (Studi Kawasan Asia Tenggara Periode 2004-2018)

Muhamad Ferdy Firmansyah, Fatimah Zahra Nasution, Muhamad Fauzi Efendi

Abstract


This study aims to determine the effect of energy consumption and renewable energy consumption on gross domestic product in Southeast Asia. Panel data is used as a data analysis technique in this study. The variables used are based on the concept of the Cobb-Douglas production function by taking the concepts of capital and labor, then two non-renewable and renewable energy consumption models are made. This study covers the Southeast Asian region covering Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and Vietnam in the period 2004-2018. It was found that foreign direct investment did not affect economic growth in environmental economic modeling. Furthermore, non-renewable energy consumption is still a significant factor in realizing a growing GDP. On the other hand, the renewable energy has a negative influence on GDP, which means that the economic increase in Southeast Asia is more dominantly supported by total energy consumption which is dominated by non-renewable energy. Need support and commitment to policies both nationally and regionally in the adaptation of renewable energy in Southeast Asia.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi energi tidak terbarukan dan konsumsi energy terbarukan terhadap produk domestik bruto di Asia Tenggara. Data panel digunakan sebagai teknik analisis data pada studi ini. Adapun variabel yang digunakan didasarkan pada konsep fungsi produksi Cobb-douglas dengan mengambil konsep modal dan tenaga kerja, selanjutnya dibuat dua pemodelan konsumsi energi tidak terbarukan dan terbarukan. Studi ini memfokuskan pada kawasan Asia Tenggara meliputi Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Philipina, dan Vietnam pada periode 2004-2018. Ditemukan bahwa foreign direct investment tidak mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi pada pemodelan ekonomi lingkungan. Selanjutnya ditemukan bahwa konsumsi energi tidak terbarukan masih menjadi faktor signifikan dalam mewujudkan PDB yang bertumbuh. Pada posisi lain yaitu energi terbarukan memiliki pengaruh negatif pada PDB yang memiliki arti kenaikan ekonomi di Asia Tenggara lebih dominan didukung oleh konsumsi energi secara total yang didominasi energi tidak terbarukan. Diperlukan dukungan dan komitmen pada kebijakan baik secara nasional dan regional dalam adaptasi konsumsi energi terbarukan di Asia Tenggara.


Keywords


Konsumsi Energi; PDB; Asia Tenggara; Ekonomi Lingkungan; Energi Terbarukan.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37058/wlfr.v3i1.4747

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