Kontribusi dan Persebaran Subsektor Perikanan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Rian Destiningsih, Yustirania Septiani, Dian Marlina Verawati

Abstract


Fishery as one of the supports for national food security has an important role. The growth rate of fisheries subsector in Special Region of Yogyakarta during the year of 2019 is the lowest rate of all existing subsector. Fishery consists of capture fisheries and aquaculture fisheries. Capture fisheries are divided into marine fisheries (skipjack, cob, tuna, shrimp, others) and public water fisheries (shrimp, fish, others). Meanwhile, cultivation permits such as rearing, hatchery, ornamental fish. Initial efforts to prevent a prolonged decline in the fisheries subsector were to identify the contribution and distribution of the fisheries subsector. The aim is to identify the contribution of the fisheries subsector to total GRDP by using the sectoral contribution index (IKS), identifying comparative advantages using the location quotient approach, and the distribution of the fisheries subsector in Special Region of Yogyakarta in the period of 2011-2019 using the localization coefficient approach. The results of research with the IKS approach are that the fisheries subsector has a small role in overall GRDP in Special Region of Yogyakarta in the year of 2011-2019, the location quotient approach of the fisheries subsector does not have a comparative advantage in Special Region of Yogyakarta in the year of 2011-2019. Meanwhile, the distribution of the fisheries subsector is relatively even and balanced in regencies / cities in Special Region of Yogyakarta in the year of 2011-2019.

 

Perikanan sebagai salah satu penyokong ketahanan pangan nasional memiliki peranan penting. Laju pertumbuhan subsektor perikanan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tahun 2019 menjadi laju terendah dari seluruh subsektor yang ada. Perikanan terdiri atas perikanan tangkap dan perikanan budidaya. Perikanan tangkap terbagi menjadi perikanan laut (cakalang, tongkol, tuna, udang, lainnya) dan perikanan perairan umum (udang, ikan, lainnya). Sedangkan perikanan budidaya seperti pembesaran, pembenihan, ikan hias. Usaha awal mencegah penurunan subsektor perikanan semakin berkepanjangan yaitu dengan mengidentifikasi kontribusi dan penyebaran subsektor perikanan. Adapun tujuannya untuk yaitu mengidentifikasi kontribusi subsektor perikanan terhadap Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) secara total dengan menggunakan Indeks Kontribusi Sektoral (IKS), mengidentifikasi keunggulan komparatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan location quotient, dan penyebaran sub-sektor perikanan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tahun 2011-2019 menggunakan pendekatan koefisien lokalisasi. Hasil penelitian dengan pendekatan IKS yaitu subsektor perikanan memberikan peranan yang sedikit terhadap PDRB secara keseluruhan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tahun 2011-2019, pada pendekatan location quotient subsektor perikanan tidak memiliki keunggulan komparatif di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tahun 2011-2019. Sedangkan penyebaran subsektor perikanan tergolong relatif merata dan seimbang di wilayah kabupaten/kota di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta tahun 2011-2019.


Keywords


Perikanan; Koefisien Lokalisasi; Kontribusi; Penyebaran.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37058/wlfr.v1i2.2035

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