PENGUJIAN SIFAT BIOHERBISIDA EKSTRAK TUMBUHAN Tetracera indica L. Merr DAN SENYAWA WOGONIN PADA GULMA UJI DAN TANAMAN

Riska Sukmawati, Dwi Guntoro, Ahmad Junaedi

Abstract


Tumbuhan T. indica  memiliki zat alelokimia yang dapat berperan sebagai bioherbisida. Salah satu zat alelokimia yang diduga mampu menghambat perkecambahan gulma yaitu senyawa wogonin. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyimpanan dan Pengujian Mutu Benih Fakutas Pertanian IPB pada bulan Oktober 2018 sampai dengan Juni 2019. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga perlakuan yaitu senyawa wogonin konsentrasi 80 ppm, ekstrak T. indica  13.75 ppm dan kontrol dengan empat ulangan dihasilkan 36 satuan unit percobaan disusun pada cawan petri kemudian diberi alas satu lembar kertas Whatman no.1. Setiap cawan petri disusun 10 butir biji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa wogonin dapat menghambat perkecambahan gulma uji Asystasia gangetica, Echinochloa crus-galli dan tanaman indikator (sorgum) ditandai dengan penurunan panjang plumula dan radikula. Penghambatan perkecambahan oleh senyawa wogonin lebih rendah pada benih sorghum yaitu pada persentase perkecambahan akhir (PPA) 57.5% dibandingkan dengan penghambatan oleh ekstrak T. indica  sebesar 72.5%Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa selain wogonin terdapat zat alelokimia lainnya yang berperan dalam proses penghambatan perkecambahan.

 

T. indica plants have allelochemical substances that can act as bioherbicides. One of the allelochemical substances that can inhibit weed germination is wogonin compounds. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Storage and Quality Testing of the Agriculture Faculty of IPB from October 2018 to June 2019. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) of one factor, the wogonin compound with four replications. The treatments tested were control, standard 80 ppm wogonin compounds and T. indica extract 13.75 ppm, 36 units of experimental units were arranged on a petri dish then given a sheet of Whatman paper no.1. Each petri dish is arranged in 10 seeds. The results showed that wogonin proved to inhibit weeds and sorghum as indicator plants characterized by a long decline plumula and radicles Asystasia gangetica, decreased in radicle length in Echinochloa crusgalli weeds and affect the length of abnormal curly radicles in sorghum indicator plants. Inhibition of germination by wogonin compounds was lower in sorghum seeds ie at the percentage of final germination (PPA) of 57.5% compared with inhibition by T. indica  extract of 72.5%. These results indicated that the inhibition of test weeds and indicator plants by T. indica extract in addition to wogonin compounds was also caused by other allelochemical substances contained in T.indica extract.


Keywords


Alelokimia, efektivitas, penghambatan perkecambahan, senyawa aktif



DOI: https://doi.org/10.37058/mp.v9i2.12059

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